|
Geoscience 1 |
Name Date Block |
|
Fruitvale
and Water Test |
|
Directions: On your answer sheet mark
the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement.
|
Geoscience 1 |
Name Date Block |
|
Fruitvale
and Water Test |
|
Directions: On your answer sheet mark
the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement.
1.
The vertical drop of a stream
channel over a certain distance defines
a.
discharge.
b.
laminar flow.
c.
runoff.
d.
gradient.
e.
alluvium.
2.
If you were to examine the
longitudinal profile of a typical river, you would probably find that the
gradient is
a.
steepest near the mouth.
b.
steepest near the head.
c.
about the same at the head
and the mouth.
d.
none of the above
3.
Most streams transport the
greatest amount of sediment as part of their ___________ load.
a.
dissolved
b.
suspended
c.
bed
d.
none of the above
4.
At a bend in a river, the
main erosion is
a.
on the outside of the bend.
b.
on the inside of the bend.
c.
both outside and inside the
bend.
d.
at an oxbow lake.
5.
The suspended load of a stream
a.
is deposited before the bed
load.
b.
consists of primarily soluble
substances.
c.
moves along the bottom of the
channel by rolling, sliding, and saltation.
d.
usually consists of fine
sand, silt, and clay-sized particles.
e.
none of the above.
6.
A river originates 200 meters
above sea level and travels 400 kilometers to the ocean. What is the average
gradient in meters per kilometer?
a.
0.5 m/km
b.
2 m/km
c.
5 m/km
d.
0.2 m/km
e.
none of the above.
7.
The portion of water that
soaks into the ground is referred to as
a.
transpiration
b.
infiltration
c.
precipitation
d.
evaporation
e.
none of the above
8.
The source of a stream is
called the
a.
terminus.
b.
start.
c.
head.
d.
meander.
e.
none
of the above.
9.
The
single most important erosional agent is
a.
running
water.
b.
glaciers.
c.
wind.
d.
waves.
e.
running
water and glaciers are equally important.
10.
The
continuous movement of water from the oceans to the atmosphere, from the
atmosphere to the land and from the land back to the sea is known as
a.
evapotranspiration.
b.
the
Kreb’s cycle.
c.
the
hydrologic cycle.
d.
the
atmospheric cycle.
e.
none
of the above.
11.
Permeable
rock strata or sediments that transmit groundwater freely are called
a.
perched
water tables.
b.
aquitards
c.
springs
d.
aquifers
e.
none
of the above
12.
When
water is pumped from a well, a depression is often produced in the water table.
Such a depression is
a.
a
perched water table
b.
a
pumping dimple
c.
an
aquifer
d.
an
artesian well
e.
none
of the above
13.
Which
of the following is NOT true of an artesian well?
a.
The
water comes from an inclined aquifer.
b.
The
water rises above the level where it was first encountered.
c.
The
water always flows out at the ground surface.
d.
The
aquifer is surrounded by impermeable layers.
14.
The
boundary separating the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation is the
a.
aquitard.
b.
cone
of depression.
c.
capillary
fringe
d.
aquifer.
e.
none
of the above.
15.
Any
water drawn from below the water table is referred to as
a.
groundwater.
b.
soil-moisture.
c.
capillary
water.
d.
artesian
water.
e.
none
of the above.
16.
Without
question, ___________ represents the largest reservoir of freshwater available
to humans.
a.
glacier
water
b.
pond
water
c.
evaporated
water
d.
stream
water
e.
groundwater
17.
Streams
in arid areas are often _______ streams.
a.
influent
b.
outfluent
c.
refluent
d.
effluent
e.
none
of the above
18.
The
energy that makes groundwater move is provided by
a.
wind
b.
heat
c.
gravity
d.
magnetism
e.
nuclear
forces
19.
The
greatest use of groundwater in the United States is for
a.
irrigation
b.
bathing
c.
cooking
d.
drinking
e.
cooling
20.
In
which of the following situations will infiltration be least?
a.
steep
slope with little vegetation
b.
gentle
slope with dense vegetation
c.
gentle
slope with little vegetation
d.
steep
slope with dense vegetation
e.
all
of the above will be nearly equal
21. Which of the following is a true statement about the safe
concentration levels of chemicals found in groundwater?
a. The only safe concentration level for chemicals in water is
zero.
b. Any amount that cannot be tasted or smelled is safe.
c. A safe concentration level for any chemical is 1 ppm.
d. The safe concentration level is different for each
chemical.
22. How are the safe concentration levels of a chemical
determined?
a. By noting when indicator colors disappear.
b. By determining the concentration level at which there is no
odor.
c. By diluting to 1 ppm.
d. By testing on living things.
23. In the “Parts per Million” activity, the red food coloring
is not visible at a concentration of 1 ppb. Why?
a. The food coloring was no longer there.
b. The amount of coloring was so small it was not important.
c. The amount of coloring was too small to be seen.
d. The food coloring had evaporated.
24. Examine the following cross-section diagram of a lake.
Information on the geology of this area is based on samples from test wells
drilled through rock layers A – E and has been confirmed by repeated sampling.
Which of the following statements would support a conclusion that level C is an
aquitard?
a. The level of the lake is constant throughout the year.
b. Levels C and D contain the same type of rock.
c. Drilling equipment was damaged on well 4.
d.
Water has never been found in rock layers C, D or E.
25. Two groups of students were given copies of the map below. They picked three different wells to try to locate the source of the pesticide contamination and measure its spread. Both groups know that water from well 6 contains unsafe levels of pesticide and that the river shown flows from the top of the map to the bottom. Neither group has tested any wells previously.
Group A picked wells 3, 4 and 5. Group B picked wells 3, 9, and 13.
Which of the following statements represents a reasonable conclusion based on
the evidence?
a.
Group A made
the better choice; their wells are above well 6 and closer together, so they
will know more about a small area that will help them find the source of
contamination.
b.
Group B made
the better choice; their wells are farther apart, so they will have a better
chance at determining the spread of the contamination.
c.
Neither group
made a good choice; not enough samples were taken near the river to see whether
it was contaminated.
d.
Plans from both
teams seem reasonable; it is impossible at this early stage of testing to
prefer one to the other.