Name: 
 

Unit 2 Practice Test


Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

1. 
Igneous rocks that cool quickly on Earth’s surface are ____.
a.
intrusive
c.
extrusive
b.
always magnetic
d.
metamorphic
 

2. 
Intrusive igneous rocks form ____.
a.
when a molten mass of rocks cools quickly
b.
coarse-grained rocks
c.
on Earth's surface
d.
fine-grained rocks
 

3. 
What type of bedding has the heaviest and coarsest material is on the bottom?
a.
graded
c.
cementation
b.
metamorphic
d.
clastic
 

4. 
What type of sediment particles have worn surfaces and rounded corners?
a.
unsorted
c.
clastic
b.
dissolved
d.
sorted
 

5. 
Extrusive rocks, which cool more rapidly than intrusive rocks, are generally more ____.
a.
finely grained
c.
coarsely grained
b.
magnetic
d.
radioactive
 

6. 
A model that illustrates the predictable patterns of mineral formation from cooling magma is ____.
a.
Bowen's reaction series
c.
mineral composition
b.
crystal separation
d.
layered intrusion formation
 

7. 
The metamorphism of limestone results in the formation of ____.
a.
marble
c.
gneiss
b.
silver
d.
quartzite
 

8. 
What type of sedimentary rock is coarse-grained with angular fragments?
a.
nonfoliates
c.
breccias
b.
foliates
d.
conglomerates
 

9. 
Minerals always exist in a(n) ____ form.
a.
gaseous
c.
solid
b.
liquid
d.
organic
 

10. 
As the water content of rock increases, the melting point ____.
a.
increases
c.
remains the same
b.
decreases
d.
first increases, then decreases
 

11. 
Factors that affect a rock’s melting point include ____.
a.
usefulness as a building material
c.
rarity
b.
pressure and water content
d.
value as a gem
 

12. 
Ores near Earth’s surface generally are obtained from ____.
a.
bodies of water with high concentrations of dissolved minerals
b.
waste-removal facilities
c.
underground mines
d.
open-pit mines
 

13. 
Silver, gold, and copper have shiny surfaces and thus are said to have ____.
a.
waxy luster
c.
metallic luster
b.
nonmetallic luster
d.
dull luster
 

14. 
Rocks are formed when magma ____.
a.
weathers
c.
crystallizes
b.
erodes
d.
undergoes radioactive decay
 

15. 
The most abundant elements in Earth’s crust are ____.
a.
oxygen and silicon
c.
aluminum and potassium
b.
oxides and carbonates
d.
halite and coal
 

Matching
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
Extrusive rock
g.
Porphyritic texture
b.
Intrusive rock
h.
Layered intrusion
c.
Felsic rock
i.
Pegmatite
d.
Intermediate rock
j.
Kimberlite
e.
Mafic rock
k.
Zoned crystal
f.
Ultramafic rock
 

16. 
Fine-grained, glassy
 

17. 
Dark color with low silica content; high iron/magnesium content
 

18. 
Composed of distinct bands of minerals
 

19. 
Very dark color with very high levels of iron/magnesium
 

20. 
Long pipelike intrusion; may contain diamonds
 

21. 
Coarse-grained
 

22. 
Vein of extremely large-grained minerals
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
clastic
e.
regional metamorphism
b.
deposition
f.
rock cycle
c.
lithification
g.
sediment
d.
porosity
 

23. 
Percentage of open spaces between grains in a rock
 

24. 
Type of sediment made up of rock and mineral fragments produced by weathering
 

25. 
Pieces of solid material deposited on Earth’s surface
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
felsic
e.
pegmatite
b.
kimberlite
f.
porphyritic
c.
lava
g.
ultramafic
d.
mafic
 

26. 
Dark-colored rock such as gabbro that is rich in iron and magnesium
 

27. 
Light-colored rock such as granite that has high silica content
 

28. 
Magma that flows out onto Earth's surface
 

29. 
Texture characterized by large, well-formed crystals surrounded by finer-grained crystals of the same mineral
 

30. 
Rock that is very high in iron and magnesium
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
crystal
d.
mineral
b.
gem
e.
ore
c.
magma
f.
silicate
 

31. 
Valuable mineral prized for its rarity and beauty
 

32. 
Molten material found beneath Earth’s crust
 

33. 
Solid in which the atoms are arranged in repeating patterns
 

34. 
Mineral that contains silicon and oxygen
 

35. 
Mineral that contains a useful substance that can be mined for profit
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
cross bedding
e.
limestone
b.
evaporite
f.
nonfoliated metamorphic rock
c.
foliated metamorphic rock
g.
porphyroblasts
d.
hydrothermal fluid
 

36. 
Large metamorphic crystals
 

37. 
Layers of chemical sedimentary rocks that form from precipitated minerals
 

38. 
Inclined sediment layers that migrate forward across a horizontal surface
 

39. 
Reacts with rock to change its mineralogy, texture, and chemistry
 

40. 
Composed of minerals that form blocky crystal shapes
 



 
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